The Jews and Muslims fought together to defend Jerusalem against the invading Franks.

They were unsuccessful though and on 15 July 1099 the crusaders entered the city. They proceeded to massacre the remaining Jewish and Muslim civilians and pillaged or destroyed mosques and the city itself.

One historian has written that the "isolation, alienation and fear" felt by the Franks so far from home helps to explain the atrocities they committed, including the cannibalism which was recorded after the Siege of Maarat in 1098.

l dispensazionalismo si è particolarmente diffuso fra le chiese evangelicali ed è oggi particolarmente evidente nella concezione che promuove del rapporto fra la chiesa e l'Israele storico, etnico.

Secondo questo punto di vista, gli ebrei etnici (Israele) si distinguono radicalmente dalla chiesa (hanno finalità diverse nei piani di Dio, sono due realtà distinte). Essi governeranno la terra di Israele per 1000 anni dopo che Cristo sarà tornato ed avrà "rapito" (portato via con Sé) i cristiani.
La chiesa, in questo sistema, deve attendere il sorgere del nuovo cielo e della nuova terra dopo il compimento di questi 1000 anni.

Alcune forme più radicali di dispensazionalismo, chiamato "Sionismo cristiano" credono che uno dei maggiori obiettivi della chiesa oggi sia quello di sostenere l'Israele etnico (lo stato di Israele). Tutto questo sarebbe basato sulla promessa di benedizioni e di maledizioni date ad Abramo ed alla sua discendenza.

Il sionismo cristiano, come dottrina teologica, non implica necessariamente simpatia per gli ebrei come popolo o per l'ebraismo come religione.

Poiché il testo biblico è pieno di riferimenti a Israele, è abituale per i sionisti cristiani richiamare le radici ebraiche della cristianità e promuovere l'uso di termini tratti dalla tradizione ebraica all'interno delle loro pratiche religiose. Tuttavia i sionisti cristiani ritengono che al compiersi delle profezie, un numero rilevante di ebrei accetterà Gesù come il loro messia e che negli ultimi giorni gli ebrei messianici praticheranno una qualche forma di cristianesimo ebraico.

Circa la rilevanza del sionismo cristiano come movimento religioso negli Stati Uniti è talora citato l'asserito successo dei romanzi della serie Left Behind scritti dal predicatore Tim LaHaye e da Jerry B. Jenkins che hanno raggiunto i primi posti nella classifica dei best-seller del New York Times.

Ideas favoring the restoration of the Jews in the Palestine or Land of Israel entered the British public discourse in the 1830's, though British reformationists had written about the restoration of the Jews as early as the 16th century, and the idea had strong support among Puritans.

Not all such attitudes were favorable towards the Jews; they were shaped in part by a variety of Protestant beliefs, or by a streak of philo-Semitism among the classically educated British elite, or by hopes to extend the Empire. (See The Great Game)

At the urging of Lord Shaftesbury, Britain established a consulate in Jerusalem in 1838, the first diplomatic appointment to Palestine. In 1839, the Church of Scotland sent Andrew Bonar, Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Alexander Black and Alexander Keith on a mission to report on the condition of the Jews in their land. Their report was widely published and was followed by a "Memorandum to Protestant Monarchs of Europe for the restoration of the Jews to Palestine." In August 1840, The Times reported that the British government was considering Jewish restoration.

An important, though often neglected, figure in British support of the restoration of the Jews was William Hechler (1845-1931), an English clergyman of German descent who was Chaplain of the British Embassy in Vienna and became a close friend of Theodor Herzl. Hechler was instrumental in aiding Herzl through his diplomatic activities, and may, in that sense, be called the founder of modern Christian Zionism.

In Defending Christian Zionism, David Pawson, a prominent Christian Zionist in the United Kingdom, puts forward the case that the return of the Jews to the Holy Land is a fulfilment of scriptural prophecy, and that Christians should support the existence of the Jewish State ...

The Third International Christian Zionist Congress, held in Jerusalem in February 1996, issued a Proclamation which said:

God the Father, Almighty, chose the ancient nation and people of Israel, the descendants of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, to reveal His plan of redemption for the world. They remain elect of God, and without the Jewish nation His redemptive purposes for the world will not be completed.

Jesus of Nazareth is the Messiah and has promised to return to Jerusalem, to Israel and to the world.

It is reprehensible that generations of Jewish peoples have been killed and persecuted in the name of our Lord, and we challenge the Church to repent of any sins of commission or omission against them.

The modern Ingathering of the Jewish People to Eretz Israel and the rebirth of the nation of Israel are in fulfilment of biblical prophecies, as written in both Old and New Testaments.

Christian believers are instructed by Scripture to acknowledge the Hebraic roots of their faith and to actively assist and participate in the plan of God for the Ingathering of the Jewish People and the Restoration of the nation of Israel in our day.